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USDA Hardiness Zone 5 Planting Guide

Zone 5 covers locations where the average annual extreme minimum winter temperature ranges from -20 to -10 degrees Fahrenheit. This page covers both subzones: zone 5a (-20 to -15 degrees F) and zone 5b (-15 to -10 degrees F).

Zone 5 Overview

Zone 5 is one of the most common gardening zones in the United States, covering large portions of the Midwest, central plains, and mid-Atlantic mountain regions. Minimum winter temperatures range from negative 20 to negative 10 degrees Fahrenheit, and growing seasons typically span 150 to 180 days. Zone 5 represents a comfortable middle ground where gardeners have access to a very wide range of plants while still experiencing distinct four-season growing patterns. Both cold-hardy and many warm-climate plants find success here with appropriate variety selection. The zone produces excellent vegetable gardens, diverse perennial borders, and productive home orchards.

Zone 5 Temperature Ranges

Subzone Min Temp (°F) Max Temp (°F) Description
5a -20°F -15°F Central states and mid-Atlantic; popular gardening zone
5b -15°F -10°F Lower Midwest and coastal New England; diverse plant palette

Plants for Zone 5

Zone 5 supports all common deciduous shade and ornamental trees. Fruit trees including apples, pears, peaches (hardy varieties), sweet and sour cherries, and plums bear well. Japanese maples (many varieties), magnolias (star and saucer types), dogwoods, and redbuds add ornamental interest. Shrubs encompass hydrangeas of all types (including some macrophylla varieties with protection), lilacs, roses, viburnums, and spirea. Blueberries, raspberries, blackberries, and table grapes produce abundantly. Nearly all common perennials grow in zone 5.

Vegetable Gardening in Zone 5

Zone 5's generous season of 150 to 180 days supports the full range of vegetable crops including long-season varieties. Brandywine tomatoes (90 days), full-sized bell peppers, large watermelons, cantaloupes, and winter squash all have time to mature. Sweet potatoes succeed in warmer zone 5b locations with black plastic mulch to warm the soil. Artichokes grown as annuals can produce in their first year. Fall gardens are highly productive, with brassicas, root crops, and greens providing harvests well into November with minimal protection.

Frost Protection & Season Tips for Zone 5

Zone 5 gardeners face less extreme winter conditions but should still protect marginally hardy plants. Winter mulch applied after the ground freezes (not before) prevents freeze-thaw cycles that heave plant roots. Butterfly bushes and some hydrangeas may die back to the ground but regrow from roots. Protect fig trees by wrapping them with burlap and insulation or growing them in containers that can be stored in an unheated garage. Wind protection matters more than temperature for broadleaf evergreens like rhododendrons and hollies.

Cities in Zone 5

The following cities in our database fall within zone 5. Click any city for detailed frost dates and planting calendars.

City State Subzone Growing Season Last Spring Frost First Fall Frost
Anchorage Alaska 5a 121 days May 14 September 12
Sioux City Iowa 5a 161 days April 27 October 5
Bangor Maine 5a 141 days May 10 September 28
Minneapolis Minnesota 5a 153 days May 4 October 4
Duluth Minnesota 5a 124 days May 21 September 22
Saint Paul Minnesota 5a 155 days May 3 October 5
Billings Montana 5a 135 days May 13 September 25
Scottsbluff Nebraska 5a 143 days May 8 September 28
Elko Nevada 5a 110 days May 28 September 15
Sioux Falls South Dakota 5a 149 days May 5 October 1
Montpelier Vermont 5a 130 days May 15 September 22
Rutland Vermont 5a 141 days May 10 September 28
La Crosse Wisconsin 5a 166 days April 25 October 8
Casper Wyoming 5a 121 days May 20 September 18
Sheridan Wyoming 5a 128 days May 15 September 20
Fort Collins Colorado 5b 146 days May 7 September 30
Idaho Falls Idaho 5b 117 days May 21 September 15
Rockford Illinois 5b 165 days April 28 October 10
Des Moines Iowa 5b 176 days April 19 October 12
Cedar Rapids Iowa 5b 167 days April 24 October 8
Davenport Iowa 5b 179 days April 18 October 14
Augusta Maine 5b 148 days May 6 October 1
Missoula Montana 5b 130 days May 15 September 22
North Platte Nebraska 5b 152 days May 3 October 2
Concord New Hampshire 5b 141 days May 10 September 28
Rapid City South Dakota 5b 143 days May 8 September 28
Burlington Vermont 5b 151 days May 5 October 3
Brattleboro Vermont 5b 155 days May 3 October 5
Madison Wisconsin 5b 165 days April 28 October 10
Green Bay Wisconsin 5b 151 days May 5 October 3
Cheyenne Wyoming 5b 127 days May 18 September 22

Other Zones

View all USDA hardiness zones

Start Your Garden Right

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